Small injection ports for mice are increasingly used for drug testing or when administering contrast agents.Commercially available mini-ports Espresso Spoon are expensive single-use items that cause imaging-artifacts.We developed and tested an artifact-free, low-cost, vascular access mini-port (VAMP) for mice.Leakage testing of the VAMP was conduct
Abstract Background Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) biofilm-associated bacterial infection is the primary cause of nosocomial infection and has long been an ongoing threat to public health.MRSA biofilms are often resistant to multiple antimicrobial strategies, mainly due to the existence of a compact protective barrier; thus, pro
A nonautonomous discrete predator-prey system incorporating a prey refuge and Holling type Ashtray II functional response is studied in this paper.A set of sufficient conditions which guarantee the persistence and global stability of the system are obtained, respectively.Our results show that if refuge is large enough then predator species will be
Aerosol heating due to shortwave absorption has implications for local atmospheric stability and regional dynamics.The derivation of heating rate profiles from space-based observations is challenging because it requires the vertical profile of relevant properties such as the aerosol extinction coefficient and single-scattering albedo (SSA).In the s
The article examines the activities of the American Relief Administration (ARA), a US charitable organization in Russia, during the mass famine of 1921–1923, and shows its specific role in eliminating hunger in the Saratov Volga region.300 employees who came from America and about 10,000 Enrichment Soviet citizens were involved in providing a